Recent Blogs
Windmill (form 2) Mechanism: How Post & Tower Mills Work, Gear Train Diagram & Parts
Form 2 windmill explained — horizontal-axis post mill geometry, sail aerodynamics, and how heritage millers size sail area for grain milling and pumping.
Windmill (form 1) Mechanism: How Post Mill Sails, Brake Wheel and Wallower Gear Train Work
Form 1 windmill explained — how the post mill works, sail geometry, torque output, and real heritage milling and water-pumping applications you can size today.
Water Wheel (form 8) Mechanism Explained: How a High-Head Gravity Wheel Works, Parts and Uses
Form 8 water wheel explained — high-head pitchback geometry, sizing formulas, worked example for a heritage textile fulling mill, and design tradeoffs.
Water Wheel (form 7) Mechanism, Diagram, Calculator and How a High-Breastshot Wheel Works
Form 7 water wheel explained — a high-breastshot design used in heritage milling. See how it works, sizing formula, worked example and tradeoffs.
Water Wheel (form 6) Mechanism Explained: How Gravity Buckets Work, Parts, Formula & Uses
Water Wheel form 6 explained — geometry, torque math, and a worked sizing example for a working tannery. Practical engineering from FIRGELLI Automations.
Water Wheel (form 5) Mechanism Explained: How a Tub Wheel Drives a Millstone Direct, Parts & Uses
Water Wheel form 5 explained — how horizontal-axis tub wheels work, sizing formulas, real mill applications, and a worked example for craft distilleries.
Water Wheel (form 4) Mechanism: How a Free-Stream Paddle Wheel Works, Parts, Diagram & Uses
How a free-stream water wheel works, with sizing formulas, a worked tidal-mill example, and design tradeoffs for micro-hydro and heritage restoration projects.
Water Wheel (form 3): Pitchback Mechanism Explained with Diagram, Formula & Calculator
Pitchback water wheel explained — how it captures head, sizing formulas, real mill examples, and tradeoffs vs overshot and breastshot wheels for hydropower builds.
Water Wheel (form 2): Pitchback Mechanism Explained with Diagram, Animation, and Calculator
Pitchback water wheel explained — how the bucket geometry, head height, and flow rate set the power output for small mills, micro-hydro sites, and craft...
Water Wheel (form 1) Mechanism: How It Works, Diagram, Parts, Uses & Power Formula
Water Wheel mechanism explained — how overshot, undershot and breastshot wheels convert stream flow into shaft power for milling, sawing and microhydro.
Tread Mill Mechanism Explained: How Treadwheels Convert Walking Into Torque, Parts, Uses & Formula
How a treadmill wheel converts human or animal weight into rotary power. Sizing formulas, historical examples, and a worked dairy-mill calculation.
Paddle Wheel (form 2) Mechanism: How a Breast-Shot Water Wheel Works, Parts, Formula & Uses
Engineer's guide to the breast-shot paddle wheel — how it works, sizing formula, real applications in micro-hydro, mills and aeration. Numbers, tolerances, tradeoffs.
Paddle Wheel (form 1) Mechanism: How an Undershot Water Wheel Works, Parts, Formula & Diagram
Paddle wheel mechanism explained — how flat blades convert flowing water into shaft torque, sizing formulas, real applications, and design tradeoffs.
Barker's Mill / Water Wheel: How This Reaction Turbine Works, Parts, Formula and Uses Explained
How a Barker's Mill water wheel works — reaction-driven rotation, design formulas, real-world applications in milling and hydropower demonstrations.