Recent Blogs
Portable Hydraulic Riveter: Declared Pull-Side Area and Force
How a Portable Hydraulic Riveter works, the force formula, real shop examples from aerospace and steel fabrication, and how to size one for your job.
Porous Water Filter: Declared Darcy Flow Through a Sealed Element
Porous water filters trap particulates by forcing flow through a graded pore matrix. Sizing, flux rates, and real applications in municipal and industrial use.
Pendulum Water Lift: Ideal Timing and Linkage Geometry
Pendulum Water Lift explained — how the swinging-arm pump moves water, sizing maths, real installations, and design tradeoffs for off-grid and heritage sites.
Pelton Water Wheel: Ideal Jet and Runner Kinematics
Explore ideal Pelton jet and runner speed from net head, flow and pitch diameter. Estimate shaft power using an entered efficiency assumption.
Pearsall Hydraulic Ram and Air Compressor: Hiscox 553
Explore Pearsall’s crank-driven hollow piston and ported cylinder. Calculate ideal piston stroke, cycle period, mean piston speed and rod-to-crank ratio.
Pattison Rotary Pump: Hiscox 541 Guided-Wing Mechanism
Explore the Pattison rotary pump’s eccentric and guided wing. Calculate eccentric-center orbit diameter, distance per revolution and speed.
Overshot Water Wheel: Gross Water Power and Geometry
Explore a top-fed overshot wheel. Calculate gross gravitational water power from head and flow, along with wheel circumference and equal bucket spacing.
Munson Double Turbine: Upward and Downward Flow
Explore the Munson turbine's upward and downward flow paths. Calculate hydraulic power from head and flow, using an entered efficiency to estimate shaft power.
Multiple-Ring Valve: Concentric Rings and Geometric Curtain Area
Explore the separate concentric rings, springs and seat of a multiple-ring valve. Calculate summed circumference and geometric curtain area from diameter and lift.
Multiple Ball-Valve Manifold: Independent Quarter-Turn Path States
Explore independent two-port ball valves opening and closing. Count commanded open paths, isolated paths, port ends and an illustrative bore-and-pitch envelope.
Mueller Water-Pressure Regulator: Historical Differential-Piston Principle
Explore the historical Mueller cup-piston regulator and calculate ideal static balance pressure from unequal effective piston diameters and opposing spring force.
Montgolfier Hydraulic Ram: Cycle and Energy Balance
Explore a hydraulic ram pump cycle and estimate average delivery flow and hydraulic power from source head, delivery head, drive flow and supplied efficiency.
Hydraulic Model Turbine: Ideal Speed and Discharge Similitude
Explore hydraulic turbine model similarity and calculate ideal prototype speed, discharge ratio and unit speed from diameters, net heads and model rpm.
Miscellaneous Hydraulic Motion Mechanism: How Rotary, Vane and Oscillating Actuators Work
Miscellaneous hydraulic motion covers oddball fluid-power circuits — rotary, oscillating, indexing — used in plant automation, marine gear, and heavy mobile equipment.
Milk Cooler: Product Heat Removal
Explore bulk milk cooling and calculate ideal product heat removal and average thermal load from batch volume, temperature change and cooling time.
Mason Water-pressure Regulator: Historical Diaphragm-and-Spring Operation
Explore the historical Mason regulator and compare ideal diaphragm pressure force with spring force. Calculate a static balance pressure, without valve sizing.
Lift Pump (form 2) Mechanism Explained: How It Works, Diagram, Parts, Uses & Calculator
Explore a bucket pump’s two-valve cycle. Calculate swept volume, delivery with entered efficiency, static suction pressure and ideal water-column power.
Lift and Force Pump Mechanism Explained: How It Works, Parts, Diagram, and Uses
Explore a solid-piston force pump and its two check valves. Calculate estimated delivery, static-head pressure, hydraulic power and ideal piston force.
Leffel Double-runner Turbine: How It Works, Parts, Diagram, and Micro-Hydro Uses Explained
A historical view of the Leffel double-runner turbine's two discharge sections and shared register gate, with a neutral same-head normalized output comparison.
Lancaster Turbine: Downward Flow and Water-Power Calculator | FIRGELLI
Explore the Lancaster turbine with tangential entry, vertical upper blades and downward discharge. Calculate ideal hydraulic power from entered head and flow.
Knott Rotary Pump: Historical Eccentric-Piston Layout and Calculator | FIRGELLI
Explore Hiscox’s Knott eccentric-piston pump and calculate flow, ideal torque and hydraulic power from entered displacement and efficiency.
Jonval Turbine: Axial-Flow Illustration and Power Calculator | FIRGELLI
Explore the Jonval guide-and-runner arrangement and calculate hydraulic power, assumed shaft power and torque. Efficiency is entered, and the blade drawing is illustrative.
Iron Overshot Wheel: Flow, Head and Power Calculator | FIRGELLI
Calculate freshwater hydraulic power and shaft power at an assumed efficiency from entered flow and net head. Includes an illustrative wheel; wheel sizing and generator...
Impact Water Wheel: Normalized Velocity-Component Calculator | FIRGELLI
Compare normalized bucket-speed indices and one residual exit-velocity component. Water flow, runner force, torque, power and efficiency are not calculated.
Hydrostatic Jack: Ideal Two-Piston Force and Travel Calculator | FIRGELLI
Calculate ideal area ratio, force, reciprocal travel and direct-piston pressure for two circular hydraulic bores. Handle effort and safe lifting capacity are not calculated.