Recent Blogs
Toggle-joint Duplex Air Compressor: Historical Linkage and Ideal Ratios
Explore the historical compressor arrangement and compare ideal two-link toggle ratios at two angles. The calculator does not predict pressure, delivery or piston force.
Smith's Circular Bellows: Two-Chamber Animation and Airflow Calculator
Explore a circular bellows with two stacked chambers, a hand lever and connecting link. Calculate average airflow from entered stroke volume, rate and efficiency.
Double Cone Ventilator: Opposed Cones and Geometry Calculator
Explore a historical ventilator with opposed horizontal cones and a central uptake. Compare radial clearance, cone projection and gross annular opening area.
Curved Vane Windmill or Motor: How It Works, Diagram, Parts, Formula and Uses Explained
Explore an open curved-vane wind rotor and compare assumed pressure loads, moment arms and torque. The calculator includes a clearly defined 70% power comparison.