Key Components of an Electric Linear Actuator
A. Mounting Bracket
The mounting bracket allows the actuator to be securely fixed to a surface or frame. It also enables pivoting or rotation during motion depending on the application.
B. Outer Housing
This is the protective casing that contains and supports the internal components. It’s usually made from lightweight yet durable materials such as aluminum or high-strength plastic.
C. Extension Tube / Shaft
This telescopic tube extends and retracts as the actuator operates, delivering the required linear movement. It’s often anodized or coated for wear resistance.
D. Power Wires
Power wires connect the actuator to a controller or power source. They carry the electrical current needed to drive the internal motor.
E. Lead Screw
The lead screw is driven by the motor and converts rotational motion into linear motion. It’s typically paired with a nut or drive block that travels along the screw as it rotates.
F. Extension Rod / Piston Rod
This rod is the part that physically extends and retracts outside the housing, moving the load. It is mechanically linked to the drive nut and moves as the lead screw turns.
G. Gear Assembly / Drive Gears
These gears transfer torque from the motor to the lead screw, often reducing speed and increasing torque in the process. Precision gearing ensures smooth and efficient motion.
H. DC Motor
The motor is the heart of the actuator. When powered, it rotates to drive the internal lead screw and create linear motion. Most actuators use brushed or brushless DC motors.
I. Internal Guide or Limit Switch Block
This internal structure often includes limit switches to stop the actuator at each end of stroke, preventing overextension or retraction and protecting the mechanism.
Why Understanding These Parts Matters
Whether you’re designing automation systems or troubleshooting performance issues, understanding each part of a linear actuator gives you better control over selection, integration, and maintenance.
Looking to choose the right actuator for your project? Check out our full range of linear actuators here.
